Congress6 min read
When a member of Congress trades a company their committee oversees
Committee relevance as a sorting factor - why a jurisdictional overlap is worth surfacing, and why it is a label, not evidence of wrongdoing.
Insider filing analysis
Articles
Analysis of Form 4 clusters, STOCK Act disclosures, and Schedule 13D stakes - written as permanent, indexable research pages, not fleeting social posts.
Latest analysis
Insiders6 min read
Why dollar size is the wrong way to read a Form 4
A $4 million buy can be routine and a $40,000 buy can be a conviction signal. Here is why Greedy Insider scores a Form 4 on trade size relative to the insider's own history and on position impact - not on the absolute dollar amount.
Activist6 min read
Schedule 13D amendments, and when a 13G becomes a 13D
The most informative activist events are usually not the first filing. A 13D amendment or a 13G-to-13D switch signals a change in stake or stated purpose. Here is how to read them, and how Greedy Insider scores the change.
Insiders5 min readSWZ
Total Return Securities: a Greediness Score of 80 on a $52,000 buy
Andrew Dakos scored 80 with high confidence because the Greediness Score saw his role and a large change in stake, not the dollar size. The Form 4 is code P. This is the score doing what it is for.
Insiders6 min read
What a first open-market buy after a long silence means
One Signals pattern flags an insider buying in the open market when no other Form 4 at that company has appeared in the prior 180 days. Here is what that break can mean, and the coverage caveat that keeps it honest.
Insiders5 min readFRAF
Franklin Financial: six directors, one Greediness Score
Six Franklin Financial directors each scored 80, partial data, for the same reason: a six-insider cluster and the director role. The Greediness Score is what tied them together. The footnotes say the shares were director fees.
Insiders7 min read
How the Greediness Score rates a filing: bands, factors, and limits
The Greediness Score is a transparent 0-100 reading of how much structural conviction a public filing shows. Here is what the four bands mean, why Form 4, Congress, and 13D each get their own factor set, and why the number never predicts returns.
Insiders6 min readSTNG
Scorpio Tankers: a Greediness Score of 86 on an equity award
Emanuele Lauro scored 84 and Robert L. Bugbee scored 86 because the Greediness Score saw a senior role and a seven-insider cluster, not because the dollar amount was large. Here is how to read that score, then the filing.
Insiders6 min readSE
Sea Limited: a C-suite sale cluster is not the inverse of a buy cluster
Sea Limited (SE) showed overlapping late-August Form 4 sales from COO Ye Gang and presidents Zhao Feng and Feng Zhimin, with Greediness scores into the high 80s, all reported as indirect. Here is how to read a Strong-band sale cluster without flipping it into a bearish call.
Insiders6 min read
Direct vs indirect ownership on Form 4: whose money is actually in the trade?
A Form 4 can report shares held directly by the insider or indirectly through a trust, spouse, or entity. Here is how to read that field, why direct cash buys usually carry more information, and what indirect ownership does not hide.
Insiders5 min readREFI
Chicago Atlantic REFI: executive chairman buys ~$429k
Chicago Atlantic Real Estate Finance (REFI) Executive Chairman John Mazarakis reported buying about 40,181 shares at $10.67 (~$429,000) on August 26, 2026, scored 86. Here is the structural reading, including what a Form 4 does not say about a pending merger.
Insiders6 min read
Why insider buys carry more information than insider sales
Insiders sell for taxes, diversification, 10b5-1 calendars, and liquidity. They usually buy with cash for one reason. Here is why the Form 4 tape is asymmetric, and how Greedy Insider uses that without pretending sales are worthless.
Insiders5 min readBMRA
Biomerica: CEO and vice chairman buy the same $1.60 print
Biomerica (BMRA) CEO Zackary S. Irani reported buying 31,250 shares at $1.60 ($50,000) on August 26, 2026. Executive Vice Chairman Allen Barbieri reported 20,000 shares at the same price. Both scored 82. Here is how to read a small-cap dual buy.
Insiders6 min read
Form 3 and Form 5, explained: the Section 16 filings around a Form 4
Form 3 is the starting holdings report when someone becomes an insider. Form 5 is the annual catch-up for certain small or exempt transactions. Here is how they fit next to Form 4, what they establish, and what they do not.
Insiders5 min readJEF
Jefferies CEO buys ~$4.0m: a same-day CEO and CFO Form 4
Jefferies Financial Group CEO Richard B. Handler reported buying about 75,531 shares at $53.09 (~$4.01 million) on August 28, 2026. The same day, CFO Matthew S. Larson bought 746 shares at the same price. Here is the structural reading.
Insiders7 min read
What is a 10b5-1 trading plan? How prearranged insider trades work
A 10b5-1 plan lets an insider schedule trades in advance and claim an affirmative defense against insider trading claims. Here is how the plans work, what the Form 4 checkbox tells you, and why a planned sale reads differently from a cash open-market buy.
Insiders6 min readLEGO
Legato Merger Corp IV: CEO, CFO, and COO filings with $0 prices
Legato Merger Corp. IV (LEGO) showed a same-day CEO/CFO/COO "buy" cluster with reported prices of $0.00 and Strong-band scores up to 84. This case study shows why zero-price SPAC Form 4s need a different reading than open-market cash buys.
Insiders5 min readSHEN
Shenandoah Telecommunications: six directors buy the same day
On August 3, 2026, six different Shenandoah Telecommunications (SHEN) directors filed buys at $11.99. Scores ranged from 68 to 76. Here is how to read a broad director cluster without overstating conviction.
Insiders5 min readFRME
First Merchants CEO buys ~$916k: reading a 95 Greediness Form 4
First Merchants CEO Mark K. Hardwick reported buying about 21,000 shares near $43.63 (~$916k) on August 3, 2026. The filing scored 95 on the Greediness Score. Here is the structural reading - and the limits.
Activist7 min read
Schedule 13D vs 13G: activist vs passive ownership, explained
Schedule 13D and Schedule 13G both disclose large beneficial ownership, but 13D is the activist-oriented form. Here is how they differ, what to read first on a fresh 13D, and how Greedy Insider scores activist filings.
Congress6 min read
Congressional trades explained: what the STOCK Act actually tells you
Under the STOCK Act, members of Congress must report securities transactions - often days or weeks after the trade. Here is what those disclosures establish, why lag matters, and how Greedy Insider scores them.
Insiders6 min read
What does a cluster buy mean, and when does it matter?
A cluster buy is when three or more different insiders of the same company buy its stock within a short window. Here is what that structure can mean, when it is mechanical noise, and how Greedy Insider scores it.
InsidersFeatured7 min read
What is a Form 4? How to read SEC insider transaction filings
A Form 4 is the SEC filing a company insider must submit within two business days of trading their company stock. Here is how to read who filed, which transaction codes carry information, and what a Form 4 does not tell you.
Insiders4 min readNVDA
NVIDIA cluster buy: three directors add after the pullback
Three NVIDIA directors filed open-market purchases within the same week after a multi-session drawdown. We unpack the Form 4 codes, stake impact, and how the Greediness Score weights the cluster.
Congress3 min read
STOCK Act disclosure lag: when Congress trades hit the public record late
Congressional stock trades can surface weeks after execution. This case study maps a typical disclosure timeline under the STOCK Act and explains why lag is a first-class scoring input.
Activist4 min read
Reading a fresh Schedule 13D: stake size, urgency, and accumulation
Schedule 13D filings mark a beneficial owner crossing 5%. This note walks through stake size, purpose clauses, and accumulation velocity - the inputs behind the 13D Greediness Score.
Insider trading basics
New to SEC filings? Start with the plain-language Learn primers, then the deeper Articles explainers (Form 4 first), then the analysis above.
- What is a SEC Form 4?A Form 4 is the document a company insider (officer, director, or 10%+ owner) must file with the SEC within 2 business days of buying or selling their company’s stock.
- What is a cluster buy?A cluster buy is when three or more different insiders of the same company buy its stock within a short window (7 days on this site).
- The Greediness Score: explainable insider trading scoresThe Greediness Score is a transparent 0-100 rating of how much structural conviction a public filing shows - who traded, how unusually large the trade was for that person, how fast it was disclosed, and who traded alongside them.
- How the Signals patterns are detectedSignals are four recurring filing patterns that Greedy Insider detects with fixed, written rules: cluster buys, long congressional disclosure lag, new or amended Schedule 13D filings, and a first open-market buy after a long silence.
Ready for the deeper cut? What is a Form 4? How to read SEC insider transaction filings
Topic clusters
Crawlable entry points into related research. Each tag page lists every published article in that cluster.